Research advances on electrode materials for solid oxide electrolysis cells

Solid oxide electrolytic cell (SOEC) is an energy conversion device that transfers electrical energy into chemical energy. It has garnered significant attention due to its high efficiency and thick current density. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) are two crucial half-reactions of SOEC, while both require excellent electrochemical performance under high-temperature and high-humidity conditions. Therefore, high catalytic activity and good stability of electrode materials are crucial for the practical application of SOEC. The perovskite structure of the oxygen electrodes has outstanding OER activity, while metal ceramic and metal oxide hydrogen electrodes possess good redox properties. This article firstly demonstrates the influence of the physical and electrochemical properties of electrode materials on the performance of SOEC, then illustrates the optimization strategies for electrode materials to improve electrolysis efficiency and extend service life. Finally, the research priorities for the future development of electrode material are summarized.