Processing, microstructure, and properties of porous ceramic composites with directional channels

Porous ceramic composites with directional microchannels from micrometer to dozens of micrometer levels have attracted more and more attention in various fields including aerospace, biomedicines, and thermal insulation due to their excellent fluid permeability, mechanical properties, etc. In this article, we summarize the recent directional porous ceramics developments including their main processing routes and respective properties. Meanwhile, the properties get from different processing routes have been compared and analyzed in terms of microstructures, mechanical properties, and permeability. Emphasis has been given to the deeper understanding which can allow one to control the microstructural features of these porous ceramic composites to obtain the desired characteristics. This work can provide a useful reference for the development and application of porous ceramic composites with directional microchannels.