Physical investigation on silver-water nanofluid natural convection for an F-shaped cavity under the magnetic field effects

The effects of a magnetic field on a free convection regime of silver-water nanofluid are investigated. The considered geometry is an F-shaped cavity under the influence of a constant magnetic field. The left vertical walls temperature is T_h, while the middle and right walls are at a constant temperature T_c, and the other walls are insulated. A FORTRAN program is developed for the numerical simulation of the considered problem. The governing equations are solved using the FVM with the SIMPLE algorithm. The effect of important physical parameters such as the Rayleigh number, the Hartmann number, AR and ϕ on the problem are discussed in detail. We have concluded that the increase in the Hartmann number causes a decrease in vertical velocity and heat transfer. By increasing the Rayleigh number, the influence of the Hartmann number will be increased. An increase in the dimensional ratio of the cavity causes a decrease in the Nusselt number except in AR = 0.4. The AR has the maximum impact on the local Nusselt number, at the bottom of the hot wall. The effect of the dimensional ratio of the cavity on the Nusselt number is reversed on top of the wall. The maximum value of the Nusselt number is observed at AR = 0.4.