PFAS 及含氟气体管控下环保绝缘气体研究与电力装备应用展望

In the context of global climate change, the use of SF₆ will be subject to stricter restrictions. In recent years, low global warming potential (GWP) and high insulation strength gases, such as C₄F₇N and C₅F₁₀O, have received widespread attention, and related high-voltage electrical equipment has been promoted and applied in multiple countries. However, with the signing of the “Stockholm Convention” in 2019, many countries around the world have gradually introduced regulations and standards restricting the use of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and fluorinated gases. The radical PFAS policies represented by the United States and the European Union have indirectly led to 3M's plan to stop production of 58 fluorine-containing substances, including C₄F₇N and C₅F₁₀O, by the end of 2025. Therefore, this paper deeply analyzes the challenges faced by the development of eco-friendly insulating gases and equipment under the background of PFAS and fluorinated gas control, and scientifically and objectively explains the impact of relevant policies on the low-carbon development of gas insulated equipment in China. The paper proposes the importance of strengthening the full life cycle management of fluorocarbon environmental insulating gases, related standard formulation, and regulatory application supervision. The paper also looks forward to the future development of new insulating gas molecule design methods, insulation and discharge theory, engineering application technology, and product research and development, in order to provide reference for the development of eco-friendly power equipment research and related policy formulation in China.