Optimizing solar-driven methane dry reforming efficiency via enhanced radiation penetration and absorption

In the realm of solar-powered methane dry reforming (MDR), the photothermal synergistic effect has garnered significant attention. However, the numerical simulation covering the full spectral range and aiming at optimizing the design and performance of the photothermal MDR reactor remains insufficiently developed. This study posits that integrating photo-promotional and thermal effects, informed by the distinct spectral response characteristics of catalysts, can enhance chemical conversion efficiency. The investigation into the regulation of light intensity distribution (LID) and heat flux density distribution (HFDD) by pore structure and the optimization of heat and mass transfer revealed that larger pore architectures optimize heat transfer and radial radiation penetration, while smaller pores enhance mass transfer and axial irradiation distribution. Moreover, a composite gradient pore structure was identified, effectively balancing both thermal and photo-promoted radiation effects. This innovation led to a remarkable 16.88% increase in the MDR reaction rate, alongside enhancements of 12.51% and 8.12% in CH₄ and CO₂ conversion, respectively.