Optimizing power allocation: A flexible power point tracking method for over-modulation problem in cascaded H-bridge PV systems

Zexuan Zhu; Xingshuo Li; Yongheng Yang; Dingyi Lin; Shaoze Zhou; Yichao Sun; Wei Wang

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2025.124565

Optimizing power allocation: A flexible power point tracking method for over-modulation problem in cascaded H-bridge PV systems

Zexuan Zhu
, Xingshuo Li
, Yongheng Yang
, Dingyi Lin
, Shaoze Zhou
, Yichao Sun
, Wei Wang

Nanjing Normal University
Zhejiang University
Southeast University, Nanjing
NARI Technology Co., Ltd.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

As the penetration level of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems increases, cascaded H-bridge (CHB) inverters have gained widespread adoption for direct grid integration due to their superior scalability and modularity. However, PV power mismatches caused by aging, irradiance difference, or damage can lead to over-modulation, resulting in grid current distortion. To enhance the operational range of CHB inverters, this paper proposes a flexible power point tracking (FPPT) method that resolves over-modulation through optimal PV power allocation. Simulations and experiments were conducted on a 2.4 kW multi-string grid-connected PV system, with results demonstrating the method's effectiveness in preventing over-modulation during PV power mismatch conditions.

Original language	English
Article number	124565
Journal	Renewable Energy
Volume	256
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2025.124565
State	Published - 1 Jan 2026
Externally published	Yes

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy

Keywords

Active power control
Cascaded H-bridge (CHB) inverter
Constant power generation (CPG) control
Flexible power point tracking (FPPT)
Grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system
Over-modulation

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10.1016/j.renene.2025.124565

Cite this

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title = "Optimizing power allocation: A flexible power point tracking method for over-modulation problem in cascaded H-bridge PV systems",

abstract = "As the penetration level of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems increases, cascaded H-bridge (CHB) inverters have gained widespread adoption for direct grid integration due to their superior scalability and modularity. However, PV power mismatches caused by aging, irradiance difference, or damage can lead to over-modulation, resulting in grid current distortion. To enhance the operational range of CHB inverters, this paper proposes a flexible power point tracking (FPPT) method that resolves over-modulation through optimal PV power allocation. Simulations and experiments were conducted on a 2.4 kW multi-string grid-connected PV system, with results demonstrating the method's effectiveness in preventing over-modulation during PV power mismatch conditions.",

keywords = "Active power control, Cascaded H-bridge (CHB) inverter, Constant power generation (CPG) control, Flexible power point tracking (FPPT), Grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system, Over-modulation",

author = "Zexuan Zhu and Xingshuo Li and Yongheng Yang and Dingyi Lin and Shaoze Zhou and Yichao Sun and Wei Wang",

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doi = "10.1016/j.renene.2025.124565",

language = "英语",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Optimizing power allocation

T2 - A flexible power point tracking method for over-modulation problem in cascaded H-bridge PV systems

AU - Zhu, Zexuan

AU - Li, Xingshuo

AU - Yang, Yongheng

AU - Lin, Dingyi

AU - Zhou, Shaoze

AU - Sun, Yichao

AU - Wang, Wei

PY - 2026/1/1

Y1 - 2026/1/1

N2 - As the penetration level of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems increases, cascaded H-bridge (CHB) inverters have gained widespread adoption for direct grid integration due to their superior scalability and modularity. However, PV power mismatches caused by aging, irradiance difference, or damage can lead to over-modulation, resulting in grid current distortion. To enhance the operational range of CHB inverters, this paper proposes a flexible power point tracking (FPPT) method that resolves over-modulation through optimal PV power allocation. Simulations and experiments were conducted on a 2.4 kW multi-string grid-connected PV system, with results demonstrating the method's effectiveness in preventing over-modulation during PV power mismatch conditions.

AB - As the penetration level of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems increases, cascaded H-bridge (CHB) inverters have gained widespread adoption for direct grid integration due to their superior scalability and modularity. However, PV power mismatches caused by aging, irradiance difference, or damage can lead to over-modulation, resulting in grid current distortion. To enhance the operational range of CHB inverters, this paper proposes a flexible power point tracking (FPPT) method that resolves over-modulation through optimal PV power allocation. Simulations and experiments were conducted on a 2.4 kW multi-string grid-connected PV system, with results demonstrating the method's effectiveness in preventing over-modulation during PV power mismatch conditions.

KW - Active power control

KW - Cascaded H-bridge (CHB) inverter

KW - Constant power generation (CPG) control

KW - Flexible power point tracking (FPPT)

KW - Grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system

KW - Over-modulation

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105018664536

U2 - 10.1016/j.renene.2025.124565

DO - 10.1016/j.renene.2025.124565

M3 - 文章

AN - SCOPUS:105018664536

SN - 0960-1481

VL - 256

JO - Renewable Energy

JF - Renewable Energy

M1 - 124565

ER -

Optimizing power allocation: A flexible power point tracking method for over-modulation problem in cascaded H-bridge PV systems

Abstract

UN SDGs

Keywords

Access to Document

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