Mechanical-electric-magnetic-thermal-fluid coupling behavior and device principle of low-dimensional functional nanomaterials

Nanoscale materials and devices are distinctly different in both properties and functions from their macroscopic counterparts. Having an insight into their exceptional properties and functions are crucial for innovative nanotechnology. In this paper, based on our experience for ten years physical mechanics study on the coupling between external fields and the intrinsic local fields of low-dimensional functional nanomaterials, we review the advance in our understanding of the mechanical-electric-magnetic-thermal-fluid coupling and physical mechanical behaviors in functional nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, boron nitride and ZnO nanostructures and so on. A brief perspective on the development and potential applications of functional nanomaterials and devices is finally provided.