Low-temperature solid-state synthesis of tetragonal BaTiO₃ powders from Ba(OH)₂ and H₂TiO₃

BaTiO₃ powders was synthesized from cheap and readily available H₂TiO₃ and Ba(OH)₂ by solid-state reaction at low temperature. The samples were characterized by thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The results show that the pure cubic BaTiO₃ powders with an average size of about 68 nm was prepared at 600℃ for 4 h and Monodisperse tetragonal (c/a = 1.0100) BaTiO₃ powder with an average size of about 242 nm was prepared by calcination at 900℃ for 4 h, suggesting its promising applications in multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCC). Compared with BaCO₃ and TiO₂ as raw materials, Due to the low decomposition temperature of Ba(OH)₂ and the small particle size of H₂TiO₃, the synthesis temperature of pure BaTiO₃ decreased by 200℃, and the phase transition temperature decreased by 100℃. The method can be used to synthesize functional ceramic powders with different crystal phase levels.