Interface structure of Ag/SnO₂ nanocomposite fabricated by reactive synthesis

The electric contact material of Ag/SnO₂ composite was achieved by reactive synthesis method. The compositions and microstructure of Ag/SnO₂ composite were analyzed and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and high-resolution electron microscopy (HRTEM). The structural feature was typical of the particle reinforced composites. The HRTEM images revealed that the observed Ag/SnO₂ interface was absence of the precipitated phase and the lattice contrast across the interface was clear and sharp. The average particle size of SnO₂ in composite was near 50 nm and it was well dispersed in spherical shape. The thermodynamic mechanism of reactive synthesis method was also discussed. The electronic density distribution analysis of the interface showed the charges of Ag atoms transmitted to O atoms and the conductivity of the material was also affected. No extra compounds expected such as Ag_xO_y formed at interface. The distribution of electrons was of inequality near the interface which explained why the mechanical property of the metal/ceramic materials was improved but the machining property declined.