Intercalated Gold Nanoparticle in 2D Palladium Nanosheet Avoiding CO Poisoning for Formate Production under a Wide Potential Window

The electrochemical CO₂ reduction into formate acid over Pd-based catalysts under a wide potential window is a challenging task; CO poisoning commonly occurring on the vulnerable surface of Pd must be overcome. Herein, we designed a two-dimensional (2D) AuNP-in-PdNS electrocatalyst, in which the Au nanoparticles are intercalated in Pd nanosheets, for formate production under a wide potential window from −0.1 to −0.7 V versus a reversible hydrogen electrode. Based on the X-ray absorption spectra (XAS) characterizations, CO accumulation detection, and CO stripping voltammetry measurements, we observed that the intercalated Au nanoparticles could effectively avoid the CO formation and boost the formate production on the Pd nanosheet surface by regulating its electronic structure.