Intelligent Suppression of Non-Maneuvering Magnetic Interference of Aeromagnetic UAV

In the aeromagnetic survey based on a fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), the non-maneuvering magnetic interference generated by the magnetic components can significantly reduce the data quality of the airborne magnetometer. Aircraft layout modification is a standard method of addressing this problem. However, the existing layout modification methods rely heavily on personal experience and cannot precisely determine the overall layout of multiple magnetic components quantitatively and cooperatively. Even if the layout of magnetic components is determined through multiple experiments, obtaining an optimal suppression effect of the magnetic interference is difficult. An intelligent suppression method of non-maneuvering magnetic interference is proposed to address this problem. An eccentric multimagnetic dipole (EMMD) model that can accurately characterize the primary magnetic components is established; then, an intelligent cooperative optimization method for the layout of magnetic components based on the Aquila Optimizer (AO) algorithm is proposed to quantitatively determine the optimal combination of positions and orientations of multiple components. A dedicated experimental platform, including a nonmagnetic rotating stage, a three-axis fluxgate magnetic sensor, an optically pumped magnetometer, and an aeromagnetic tester, was built to validate the proposed characterization model and layout optimization method. The experimental results observed in a nonmagnetic laboratory demonstrated that the goodness-of-fits of the EMMD model to the total field and three-component magnetic interference generated by the magnetic components are all above 0.932. Furthermore, the total-field intensities of magnetic interference in the magnetometer areas located at the left and right wingtips were suppressed by 98.7% and 98.9%, respectively; the magnetic inhomogeneities in the two areas were reduced by 97.7% and 98.4%; and the magnetic imbalance between the two wingtips was reduced by 95.5%.