Hydrogen-Based Integrated Energy System Planning Considering Temperature-Based Heat Supply and Demand Model

Hydrogen is widely regarded as a secondary energy with great potential on the way to achieve peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality. There is a growing body of literature that recognizes the importance of hydrogen-based integrated energy system. The heat supply and demand are mainly involved with the temperature of heating or heated medium, mass flow and energy. In order to accurately formulate the energy production, transformation and utilization in the integrated energy system, we develop a hydrogen-based integrated energy system with temperature-based heat supply and demand model. The planning problem of the developed system is modeled as a two stage stochastic mixed integer problem with bi-linear constraints. Gurobi Optimizer is utilized to solve the problem. The numerical results show the model can accurately describe the detailed temperature change of heat exchange process between the heat supply and demand side. Moreover, the developed system can significantly reduce carbon emissions when hydrogen price is at a low level, which can be a effective way to achieve carbon neutrality.