Hybrid Quantum Classical Optimization for Low-Carbon Sustainable Edge Architecture in RIS-Assisted AIoT Healthcare Systems

Healthcare systems, empowered by the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things networks, are undergoing significant advancements, ushering in a new era of enhanced treatment experiences and improved quality of life. Edge computing plays a pivotal role as an architectural enabler; however, it also presents numerous energy-related challenges spanning sensors, communication, and edge devices. One of the most formidable challenges is the proliferation of complex communication protocols across various devices, including sensors, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces, smart devices, and edge servers, leading to substantial carbon emissions and energy consumption. To address this challenge, this article introduces a low-carbon, sustainable edge architecture leveraging AI techniques. Specifically, we develop a deep-learning-based radio frequency fingerprint access protocol to facilitate real-time and energy-efficient device access between smart devices and edge gateways. Building upon this foundation, we propose a hybrid quantum-classical optimization algorithm to achieve green data transmission at lower layers for AI of things healthcare systems. Simulation results demonstrate that our optimized architecture achieves over 99% identification accuracy using a signal data set of 50 GB obtained from real-world smart devices and practical gateways in a real-world environment, all while maintaining energy-efficient data delivery.