High-temperature steam oxidation experiment of molten zirconium alloy

In this study, we investigate the steam oxidation behaviors of molten zirconium alloy at exceptionally high temperatures of 1870 ℃ and 1970 ℃. A specialized high-temperature steam oxidation apparatus was established to conduct the steam oxidation experiment. The experiments yielded crucial data including oxidation weight gain results, macroscopic appearance of the oxide surface, and section morphology. Several new phenomena: α-Zr(O) precipitates and two-layer oxide structure, were observed in this study. Based on these observations, a complete mechanism of molten zirconium oxidation in steam was developed, providing an interpretive framework for the oxidation observed in this experiment. This newly proposed mechanism reevaluates the formation process of nonceramic precipitates in the molten bulk and its consequential impact on oxidation kinetics at temperatures below 2000 ℃.