High energy storage properties of 0.94Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃-0.06BaTiO₃ ceramics by incorporating Sr_0.8Bi_0.1□_0.1Ti_0.8Zr_0.2O_2.95

Ceramics with high-energy storage density are in high demand across various industries. In this regard, lead-free relaxor ferroelectric ceramics were synthesized using the conventional solid-state reaction method with the composition (1-x)[0.94Bi_{0. 5} Na_{0. 5} TiO₃-0.06BaTiO₃ ]-xSr_{0. 8} Biγ_{0. 1} Ti_{0. 8} Zr_{0. 2} O_0.95, abbreviated as BNBT-xSBTZ. The incorporation of SBTZ in BNBT ceramics significantly improved their relaxation properties. Specifically, the 0.91BNBT-0.09SBTZ ceramics displayed a breakdown electric field of up to 230 kV/cm, with a recoverable energy storage density (Wr) of 2.68 J/cm³ and an energy storage efficiency (η) of 74.4%. Additionally, this sample demonstrated remarkable temperature stability and fatigue resistance, with only an 11% decrease in Wr observed from room temperature to 140 °C and a 13.3% reduction in Wr after 10⁵ electrical cycles. Therefore, the 0.91BNBT-0.09SBTZ ceramic is a promising dielectric material suitable for energy-storage dielectric capacitors.