Genetic-Algorithm-Driven Parameter Optimization of Three Representative DAB Controllers for Voltage Stability

In the process of integrating renewable energy sources into DC microgrids, the isolated bidirectional bridge plays a crucial role. Under load disturbances, voltage fluctuations in the microgrid can affect system stability. This study focuses on using a Genetic Algorithm to optimize the parameters of three typical DAB controllers (PI controller based on pole placement, sliding mode controller, and model predictive controller) with the aim of improving voltage stability, especially during sudden load drops. The results demonstrate that controllers optimized using Genetic Algorithm outperform the methods of pole placement and traditional manual tuning significantly. For the PI controller, the maximum drop rate reduced from 8.00% to 4.00%. The phase margin increased from 123° to 126°. In the case of the sliding mode controller, the maximum drop rate decreased from 7.50% to 5.00%. The phase margin increased from 127° to 155°. As for the model predictive controller, the maximum drop rate reduced from 1.00% to 0.70%. The gain margin increased from 25.8 dB to 26.2 dB. These results highlight the potential of using the Genetic Algorithm in optimizing control parameters, offering the prospect of improving the performance and stability of DC–DC converters.