Fabrication of metal-organic frameworks containing Cu²⁺ coated medical PVC catheters with durable antiplatelet and antibacterial activities

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) catheters are widely used in medical environments especially in blood-contacting devices. In this study, a copper containing MOF material was coated on a PVC catheter to endow it with antiplatelet adhesion and antibacterial activity for potential clinical applications. The immobilization of the coordination polymer containing Cu²⁺ (Cu-MOF) on the inner surface of PVC catheters was carried out using a bioinspired coating combined with a layer-by-layer self-assembly strategy. Characterization of the Cu-MOF modified surfaces was confirmed using micro-infrared spectroscopy (MIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and water contact angle measurements (WCA). The resultant modified surfaces significantly reduced non-specific adsorption to model proteins with excellent anti-biofouling activity, as well as significantly inhibited the platelet adhesion and activation with superior antiplatelet activity. In vitro whole blood circulation test using a peristaltic pump also showed good antithrombotic properties. Besides, the Cu-MOF modified surfaces exhibited good hemocompatibility (hemolysis ratio < 5 %) and excellent antibacterial activity (approximately 97 % against S. auerus and E. coli). This study develops a simple and effective method for the surface modification of medical PVC catheter as potential blood-contacting biomaterials.