Exploring Polarization in Hybrid Modulation for LED-Camera Communication

With the popularity of LED infrastructure and the camera on smartphone, LED-Camera visible light communication (VLC) has become a realistic and promising technology. However, the existing LED-Camera VLC has limited throughput due to the sampling manner of camera. In this paper, by introducing a polarization dimension, we propose a hybrid modulation scheme with LED and polarization signals to boost throughput. Nevertheless, directly mixingLEDand polarized signalsmay suffer fromchannel conflict. We exploit well-designed packet structure and Symmetric Return-to-Zero Inverted (SRZI) coding to overcome the conflict. In addition, in the demodulation of hybrid signal, we alleviate the noise of polarization on the LED signals by the polarization background subtraction. We further propose a pixel-free approach to correct the perspective distortion caused by the shift of view angle by adding polarizers around the liquid crystal array. We build a prototype of this hybrid modulation scheme using off-the-shelf optical components. We enhance the basic version (Zou et al. 2023) of preliminary work by analyzing the performance with FSK modulation. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that the hybrid modulation scheme can achieve reliable communication, achieving 13.4 kbps throughput, which is 400 % of the existing state-of-the-art LED-Camera VLC.