Enhancing piezoelectric and optical performance of Nd-doped PMN-PT crystals via AC-poling induced domain engineering

This investigation provides a comprehensive characterization of the electrical properties of Nd-doped Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃-PbTiO₃ (PMN-PT) single crystals. Alternating current (AC) poling was employed as a domain engineering strategy to markedly enhance the piezoelectric performance while preserving excellent optical transparency. The mechanisms underlying the concurrent improvement in both piezoelectric and optical attributes were elucidated through polarized light microscopy and transmittance analysis. Furthermore, the crystals demonstrated exceptional photoluminescence performance, characterized by intense broadband emission and a favorable fluorescence lifetime, indicative of superior energy storage capacity. A quantum efficiency exceeding 90 % was recorded, underscoring their potential as high-gain laser media. Additionally, application of the Senarmont compensation method revealed an effective electro-optic coefficient as high as 580 p.m./V, highlighting the unique capability of Nd-PMN-PT crystals to synergistically integrate electrical and optical properties. These outstanding characteristics position them as promising candidates for advanced multifunctional applications demanding robust electromechanical-optical coupling.