Endocrine Therapy for Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS) of the Breast with Breast Conserving Surgery (BCS) and Radiotherapy (RT): a Meta-Analysis

The management of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) with endocrine therapy remains controversial. A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the role of endocrine therapy for DCIS with breast conserving surgery (BCS) and radiotherapy (RT). A total of 7 articles with randomized controlled trials were included. Five articles compared the effects of BCS and RT followed by tamoxifen (TAM) or not (BCS + RT + TAM vs BCS + RT) and 2 compared the effects of TAM and anastrozole (ANA). TAM obviously reduced the rates of recurrence of ipsilateral breast cancer (IBCR), recurrence of contralateral breast cancer (CBCR), recurrence of ipsilateral invasive breast cancer (IBCR-INV) and recurrence of contralateral DCIS (CBCR-DCIS), and increased the rate of event-free survival (EFS). While ANA reduced the rates of CBCR and recurrence of contralateral invasive breast cancer (CBCR-INV). Patients with ANA had higher incidence of arthralgia, osteoporosis, hypercholesteremia, headache and vaginal dryness, but lower incidence of deep-vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, vasomotor or gynaecological, hot flushes, vaginal haemorrhage, vaginal discharge and vaginal candidiasis than TAM. In conclusion, DCIS patients with positive hormone receptors should be recommended to receive endocrine therapy. Selection of TAM or ANA is based on clinical characteristics and underlying disease of patients, as well as the side-effects of drugs.