Electromechanical properties of [001]-textured Mn-PMN-PZT ceramics under hydrostatic pressure

The electromechanical properties of [001]-textured Mn-PMN-PZT ceramics are characterized under a hydrostatic pressure of up to 400 MPa. The dielectric constant of textured ceramics increases first and then decreases as pressure increases. A comparison of the electromechanical constants s_ij, k_ij, and d_ij (i, j = 1, 3) obtained by the method of direct calculation and admittance fitting is displayed in this work. The results show that the two methods can obtain similar results at lower pressures. When the pressure is relatively high, the loss cannot be ignored, and the results of the two methods are quite different. The admittance fitting method gives a more accurate piezoelectric constant. Under 400 MPa, textured ceramics have k₃₁ = 0.55, d₃₁ = 321 pC/N, k₃₃ = 0.89, and d₃₃ = 702 pC/N, while random ceramics have k₃₁ = 0.33, d₃₁ = 92 pC/N, k₃₃ = 0.71, and d₃₃ = 230 pC/N. The large piezoelectric properties of textured ceramics under high pressure make them potential underwater transducers.