Electrical tuning of magnetism in _Fe3 O₄ /PZN-PT multiferroic heterostructures derived by reactive magnetron sputtering

Strong magnetoelectric (ME) coupling was demonstrated in Fe₃ O₄ /PZN-PT (lead zinc niobate-lead titanate) multiferroic heterostructures obtained through a sputter deposition process. The dependence of the magnetic anisotropy on the electric field (E-field) is theoretically predicted and experimentally observed by ferromagnetic resonance spectroscopy. A large tunable in-plane magnetic anisotropy of up to 600 Oe, and tunable out-of-plane anisotropy of up to 400 Oe were observed in the Fe₃ O₄ /PZN-PT multiferroic heterostructures, corresponding to a large ME coefficient of 100 Oe cm/kV in plane and 68 Oe cm/kV out of plane, which match well with predicted results. In addition, the electric field manipulation of magnetic anisotropy is also demonstrated by the electric fields dependence of magnetic hysteresis loops, showing a large squareness ratio change of 44%. These Fe₃ O₄ /PZN-PT multiferroic heterostructures exhibiting large E-field tunable magnetic properties provide great opportunities for novel electrostatically tunable multiferroic devices.