Effects of Myocardial Infarction at Different Locations and Epicardial Compression on Cardiac Function and Biomechanics

Objective To investigate the effects of myocardial infarction (MI) location and epicardial compression on cardiac function and biomechanics, thereby providing biomechanical evidence for potential clinical interventions. Methods Four MI models were established using the finite element method. A half-sine wave epicardial pressure (peak: 2.5 kPa), synchronized with systole, was applied to the epicardial surface to evaluate differences in cardiac pump function and biomechanical behavior at end-systole and end-diastole. Results Infarct location significantly influenced ejection fraction (EF) and pressure-volume (PV) loops, with apical infarction causing the most severe impairment (EF decreased to 41.3%). A pronounced stress gradient was observed at the infarct-normal border zone. Epicardial compression significantly improved EF and peak ventricular pressure, with the right ventricle exhibiting greater sensitivity (EF of the left and right ventricles increased by 18% - 22% and 29% - 43%, respectively; peak pressures increased by approximately 16% and 29%, respectively). Conclusions A personalized myocardial infarction model provides a powerful biomechanical tool for investigating the mechanisms of myocardial infarction and evaluating potential therapeutic strategies. Epicardial compression may serve as an effective strategy to enhance cardiac pump function after myocardial infarction.