Effects of (LiCe) co-substitution on the structural and electrical properties of CaBi ₂Nb ₂O ₉ ceramics

The piezoelectric, dielectric, and ferroelectric properties of the (LiCe) co-substituted calcium bismuth niobate (CaBi ₂Nb ₂O ₉, CBNO) are investigated. The piezoelectric properties of CBNO ceramics are significantly enhanced and the dielectric loss tan δ decreased. This makes poling using (LiCe) co-substitution easier. The ceramics (where □ represents A-site Ca ²⁺ vacancies, possess a pure layered structure phase and no other phases can be found. The Ca _0.88(LiCe) _0.04□ _0.04Bi ₂Nb ₂O ₉ ceramics possess optimal piezoelectric properties, with piezoelectric coefficient (d ₃₃) and Curie temperature (T _C) found to be 13.3 pC/N and 960 °C, respectively. The dielectric and piezoelectric properties of the (LiCe) co-substituted CBNO ceramics exhibit very stable temperature behaviours. This demonstrates that the CBNO ceramics are a promising candidate for ultrahigh temperature applications.