Effect of charging sequence of background coil and insert coil on screening current in high-field non-insulated hybrid superconducting magnets

The hybrid superconducting magnet with low-temperature superconductor (LTS) for background coil and high-temperature superconductor (HTS) for insert coil is a dependable approach towards achieving high magnetic fields. However, challenges related to screening currents considerably limit the realization of higher field strengths. Due to the historical dependence of screening currents in superconductors on the magnetization path, the shunt currents in non-insulated (NI) superconducting coils can alter the effective magnetization path. Consequently, the charging sequence of LTS coils and NI HTS coils can influence the behavior of screening currents. We establish an electromagnetic and mechanical model for a 32 T NI hybrid superconducting magnet and conduct a comprehensive comparative analysis of screening current induced stress (SCIS), screening current induced field (SCIF), and loss under three different charging sequences. The results indicate that when the NI insert coils are charged first, the hoop stress is slightly lower compared to the other two charging sequences, but the instantaneous power and total losses are the highest. When both the insert and background coils are charged simultaneously, the hoop stress is the highest, yet the instantaneous power and total losses are the lowest, accompanied by a more uniform magnetic field ascent. These findings provide valuable insights for the design and selection of charging sequences of ultra-high-field NI hybrid superconducting magnets.