Dynamic model-assisted transferable network for liquid rocket engine fault diagnosis using limited fault samples

The accurate detection and diagnosis of faults in Liquid Rocket Engines (LREs) are critical for ensuring space mission safety. However, the limited availability of actual fault samples and the diversification of potential faults present significant challenges in achieving precise diagnosis. To overcome these obstacles, we propose a dynamic model-assisted transfer learning approach. In this study, we first modularize the LRE and establish a dynamic model based on the mathematical principles of each module. Subsequently, we artificially established a fault module model, injected faults into the normal model, and simulated various fault modes to expand the fault sample library. Leveraging this augmented dataset in combination with a limited number of actual fault samples, we employ transfer learning to fine-tune a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Compared with other classic methods, the migrated CNN effectively adapts to the distribution of real data and significantly improves the accuracy of LRE fault diagnosis.