Digital light processing 3D printing of barium titanate/1,6-ethylene glycol diacrylate/polyethylene glycol (400) diacrylate nanocomposites

Digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing technology is widely applied in the fabrication of ceramics owing to the good printing precision and printing speed. Barium titanate (BaTiO₃, BT) has attracted extensive attention of researchers due to the good piezoelectric constant, strong dielectric constant, and ease of integration. Therefore, DLP 3D printing technology is combined with the production of BaTiO₃/1,6-ethylene glycol diacrylate/Polyethylene glycol (400) diacrylate (BT/HDDA/PEG(400)DA) nanocomposites to improve the electrical properties. A preparation method for composite slurry with high fluidity, high solid content, and low viscosity is proposed by comparing the electrical properties of BT/HDDA/PEG(400)DA nanocomposite fabrication with different solid content. The work demonstrates that 67 wt% BT/HDDA/PEG(400)DA nanocomposites are better solid content to DLP 3D printing technology and the printed nanocomposite has the excellent electric properties. After a post-processing, the 67 wt% nanocomposite slurry shows the higher relative density (91.69%) and exhibits piezoelectric constant, remnant polarization, and dielectric constant of 151 pC/N, 17.4 μC/cm², and 7712, respectively. The results suggest that the DLP 3D printing technology provides an alternative method for the fabrication of complex functionality nanocomposite piezoelectric elements. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].