Cross structured two-dimensional violet phosphorene with extremely high deformation resistance

Cross structures have been well adopted as load bearing structures due to their excellent mechanical properties. A two-dimensional violet phosphorene compound composed of cross sub-nano rods has been demonstrated to have extremely high deformation resistance. The two-dimensional (2D) Young's modulus of monolayer violet phosphorene, reflecting the intrinsic deformation properties of violet phosphorene, has been deduced to be 1512 ± 76 N m⁻¹by nano-indentation using an atomic force microscope. The 2D Young's modulus of monolayer violet phosphorene is 4.4 times as high as that of graphene and much higher than those of other reported 2D nanostructures. The extremely high bending stiffness of violet phosphorene has also been demonstrated to originate from its staggered cross structures.