CO₂电催化还原产合成气研究进展

Electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction to syngas is one of the effective ways to realize CO₂ utilization, but some problems, such as high overpotential, poor selectivity and difficulty in accurately regulating the composition of syngas, still exist in its application. This paper reviews the research progresses of the electrocatalysts for CO₂ reduction to syngas, including metal catalysts, metal complex catalysts, metal oxide and sulfide catalysts, as well as single atom catalysts and non-metallic catalysts. Furthermore, the characteristics of H-type cell, continuous flow cell, solid oxide electrolytic cell and membrane reactor electrolytic cell are introduced. Also, effective strategies to improve the catalytic efficiency of CO₂ electroreduction to syngas are summarized, including anodic reaction coupling, structure design of double-active site catalysts and control of catalysts' hierarchical morphology. Finally, the future development directions of syngas production by CO₂ electroreduction are discussed, including machine learning aided catalyst design, understanding the interfacial electrochemical process with multi-scale simulation and exploring the reaction mechanism using operando characterizations.