Controllable manipulation of composite multi-singularity vortex array

This study proposes a composite optical vortex array with multiple singularities and controllable radius, phase, sign, and intensity based on the coaxial interference of Bessel–Gaussian​ (BG) beams. Different from the general petal-like beam, we destroy the symmetry of the composite vortex by changing the order of the Bessel function, resulting in the occurrence of positive and negative alternating unit vortex chains in the interference region. The rule of the influence of the topological charges (TCs) and the order of Bessel function on the locations and number of singularities is systematically investigated. Additionally, due to the effect of Gouy phase shift, the coaxial interference characteristics of non-diffractive BG beams with spatial mismatch are examined numerically using a split-step Fourier transform algorithm. The multi-singularity technology demonstrated in this study facilitates the control of complex particles and large-capacity optical communication; furthermore, it is of substantial significance for optical tweezers and optical imaging applications.