Conjugate heat transfer characteristics of double wall cooling with gradient diameter of film and impingement holes

Double wall cooling, consisting of internal impingement cooling and external film cooling, is believed to be the most advanced technique in modern turbine blades cooling. In this paper, to improve the uniformity of temperature distribution, a flat plate double wall cooling model with gradient diameter of film and impingement holes was proposed, and the heat transfer and flow characteristics were investigated by solving steady three-dimensional Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations with SST k-ω turbulence model. The influence of gradient diameter on overall cooling effectiveness and total pressure loss was studied by comparing with the uniform pattern at the blowing ratios ranging from 0.5 to 2. For gradient diameter of film hole patterns, results show that -10% film pattern always has the lowest film flow non-uniformity coefficient. The laterally averaged overall cooling effectiveness of uniform pattern lies between that of +10% and -10% film patterns, but the intersection of three patterns moves upstream from the middle of flow direction with the increase of blowing ratio. Therefore, the -10% film pattern exerts the highest area averaged cooling effectiveness, which is improved by up to 1.6% and 1% at BR=0.5 and 1 respectively compared with a uniform pattern. However, at higher blowing ratios, the +10% film pattern maintains higher cooling effectiveness and lower total pressure loss. For gradient diameter of impingement hole patterns, the intersection of laterally averaged overall cooling effectiveness in three patterns is located near the middle of flow direction under all blowing ratios. The uniform pattern has the highest area averaged cooling effectiveness and the smallest non-uniform coefficient, but the -10% jet pattern has advantages of reducing pressure loss, especially in the laminated loss.