Configuration and Operation of Nine-Arm Modular Multilevel Converter with Improved Hybrid Submodules

This article proposes a new nine-arm modular multilevel converter (9A-MMC) with improved hybrid submodules for middle arms. In specific, the middle arms are formed by the unidirectional current full-bridge submodules (UC-FBSMs), while the upper and lower arms are formed by the traditional half-bridge submodules (HBSMs). Compared with the standard 9A-MMC where the upper, middle, and lower arms are all formed by HBSMs, the dc-side voltage of the new 9A-MMC can be reduced by one-third, and whose switch count is the same as that of the standard 9A-MMC. Moreover, the dc offset in the common mode voltages (CMVs) of the new 9A-MMC is eliminated. In this article, the middle arm current of the new 9A-MMC was thoroughly discussed, and the maximum operation range of the new 9A-MMC was also presented. To enlarge the operation range of the proposed 9A-MMC, a middle arm current reshaping control method was put forward as well. The feasibility and performance characteristics of the proposed 9A-MMC were finally verified by the simulation and experimental results.