Clinical efficacy of semiconductor laser-assisted minocycline in moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Purpose: To study the clinical efficacy of semiconductor laser-assisted minocycline in the treatment of moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis (CP) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Methods: A total of 109 cases of CP combined with T2DM and obesity admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China, from November 2016 to November 2017 were included in the study. Among them, 54 patients in the study group were treated with semiconductor laser-assisted minocycline, while 55 patients in the control group were treated with minocyclin injection. Periodontitis, blood glucose and blood lipid levels were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results: Post-treatment (12 weeks), bleeding on probing, gingival index, periodontal probing depth (PD), plaque index (PLI), clinical attachment loss (CAL), and sulcus bleeding index (SBI) in the two groups of patients were significantly improved (p < 0.05). The levels of PD, BOP, PLI, and CAL in the positive SBI group (4.06 ± 0.25, 20.37 %, 0.50 ± 0.28, 3.42 ± 0.27, and 1.43 ± 0.26, respectively) were significantly lower than the corresponding levels in the control group (p < 0.05. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and HbA1c for the two groups were significantly improved, when compared with values prior to treatment (p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in FPG level between the two groups. Significantly lower HbA1c levels were found in the treatment group than in the control group (t = 4.2360, p = 0.0001). Post-treatment, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and body mass index (BMI) did not improve significantly in the two groups, nor were there significant differences in these parameters before and after treatment (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Semiconductor laser-assisted minocycline is effective in treating moderate and severe chronic periodontitis patients with type 2 diabetes, and can improve blood glucose. However, its effect on body weight needs further studies.