Characterization of the magnesium diffused lithium niobate surface layer by gixrd

Characteristics of MgO-rich layer in the magnesium diffused lithium niobate single crystal surface layer are investigated with the conventional X-ray diffraction and glancing-incidence X-ray diffraction. It is found that the MgO-rich layer is composed of an unknown compound and MgNb₂O₆. The MgNb₂O₆is in the surface layer of MgO-rich layer, the unknown compound is in the subsurface layer beneath the MgNb₂O₆ The compounds have apparent preferred orientation.