Characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) source profiles in urban PM2.5 fugitive dust: A large-scale study for 20 Chinese cites

Xuesong Gong; Zhenxing Shen; Qian Zhang; Yaling Zeng; Jian Sun; Steven Sai Hang Ho; Yali Lei; Tian Zhang; Hongmei Xu; Song Cui; Yu Huang; Junji Cao

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.099

Characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) source profiles in urban PM_2.5 fugitive dust: A large-scale study for 20 Chinese cites

Xuesong Gong
, Zhenxing Shen
, Qian Zhang
, Yaling Zeng
, Jian Sun
, Steven Sai Hang Ho
, Yali Lei
, Tian Zhang
, Hongmei Xu
, Song Cui
, Yu Huang
, Junji Cao

School of Energy and Power Engineering

Xi'an Jiaotong University
CAS - Institute of Earth Environment
Northeast Agricultural University
Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology
Desert Research Institute

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

40 Scopus citations

Abstract

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in road dust (RD) and construction dust (CD) in PM_2.5 were quantified in the samples collected in 20 Chinese cities. The PAHs profiles in urban PM_2.5 fugitive dusts were determined and their potential health risks were evaluated. Seven geographical regions in China were identified as northwest China (NWC), the North China Plain (NCP), northeast China (NEC), central China (CC), south China (SC), southwest China (SWC), and east China (EC). The overall average concentrations of total quantified PAHs (ΣPAHs) were 23.2 ± 18.9 and 22.8 ± 29.6 μg·g⁻¹ in RD and CD of PM_2.5, indicating that severe PAHs pollution to urban fugitive dusts in China. The differences of ΣPAHs between RD and CD were minor in northern and central regions of China but much larger in southern and east regions. The ƩPAHs for RD displayed a pattern of “high in northern and low in southern”, and characterized by large abundance of high molecular weights (HMWs) PAHs, indicating that vehicle emission was the predominant pollution origin. Additionally, higher diagnostic ratios of fluoranthene/(fluoranthene + pyrene) in NCP, CC, and SWC suggest critical contributions of biomass burning and coal combustion for RD in these areas. In comparison, gasoline combustion was the major pollution source for CD PAHs in NWC, NCP, NEC, and CC, whereas industrial emissions such as cement production and iron smelting had strong impacts in the heavy industrial regions. The total benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) carcinogenic potency concentrations (BaP_TEQ) for RD and CD both showed the lowest in SC (0.05 and 0.07, respectively) and the highest in NCP (10.99 and 7.67, respectively). The highest and lowest incremental life cancer risks (ILCR) were found in NCP and SC, coinciding with the spatial distributions of ambient PAHs levels. The total CD-related cancer risks for adults and children (~10⁻⁴) suggest high potential health risks in NCP, SWC, and NWC, whereas the evaluated values in EC and SC indicate virtual safety (≤10⁻⁶).

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	188-197
Number of pages	10
Journal	Science of the Total Environment
Volume	687
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.099
State	Published - 15 Oct 2019

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being
SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities

Keywords

Chinese cities
Health risk evaluation
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
Source identification
Urban fugitive dust

Access to Document

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.099

Cite this

Gong, X., Shen, Z., Zhang, Q., Zeng, Y., Sun, J., Ho, S. S. H., Lei, Y., Zhang, T., Xu, H., Cui, S., Huang, Y., & Cao, J. (2019). Characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) source profiles in urban PM_2.5 fugitive dust: A large-scale study for 20 Chinese cites. Science of the Total Environment, 687, 188-197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.099

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title = "Characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) source profiles in urban PM2.5 fugitive dust: A large-scale study for 20 Chinese cites",

abstract = "Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in road dust (RD) and construction dust (CD) in PM2.5 were quantified in the samples collected in 20 Chinese cities. The PAHs profiles in urban PM2.5 fugitive dusts were determined and their potential health risks were evaluated. Seven geographical regions in China were identified as northwest China (NWC), the North China Plain (NCP), northeast China (NEC), central China (CC), south China (SC), southwest China (SWC), and east China (EC). The overall average concentrations of total quantified PAHs (ΣPAHs) were 23.2 ± 18.9 and 22.8 ± 29.6 μg·g−1 in RD and CD of PM2.5, indicating that severe PAHs pollution to urban fugitive dusts in China. The differences of ΣPAHs between RD and CD were minor in northern and central regions of China but much larger in southern and east regions. The ƩPAHs for RD displayed a pattern of “high in northern and low in southern”, and characterized by large abundance of high molecular weights (HMWs) PAHs, indicating that vehicle emission was the predominant pollution origin. Additionally, higher diagnostic ratios of fluoranthene/(fluoranthene + pyrene) in NCP, CC, and SWC suggest critical contributions of biomass burning and coal combustion for RD in these areas. In comparison, gasoline combustion was the major pollution source for CD PAHs in NWC, NCP, NEC, and CC, whereas industrial emissions such as cement production and iron smelting had strong impacts in the heavy industrial regions. The total benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) carcinogenic potency concentrations (BaPTEQ) for RD and CD both showed the lowest in SC (0.05 and 0.07, respectively) and the highest in NCP (10.99 and 7.67, respectively). The highest and lowest incremental life cancer risks (ILCR) were found in NCP and SC, coinciding with the spatial distributions of ambient PAHs levels. The total CD-related cancer risks for adults and children (\textasciitilde{}10−4) suggest high potential health risks in NCP, SWC, and NWC, whereas the evaluated values in EC and SC indicate virtual safety (≤10−6).",

keywords = "Chinese cities, Health risk evaluation, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), Source identification, Urban fugitive dust",

author = "Xuesong Gong and Zhenxing Shen and Qian Zhang and Yaling Zeng and Jian Sun and Ho, \{Steven Sai Hang\} and Yali Lei and Tian Zhang and Hongmei Xu and Song Cui and Yu Huang and Junji Cao",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 Elsevier B.V.",

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doi = "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.099",

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T1 - Characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) source profiles in urban PM2.5 fugitive dust

T2 - A large-scale study for 20 Chinese cites

AU - Gong, Xuesong

AU - Shen, Zhenxing

AU - Zhang, Qian

AU - Zeng, Yaling

AU - Sun, Jian

AU - Ho, Steven Sai Hang

AU - Lei, Yali

AU - Zhang, Tian

AU - Xu, Hongmei

AU - Cui, Song

AU - Huang, Yu

AU - Cao, Junji

PY - 2019/10/15

Y1 - 2019/10/15

N2 - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in road dust (RD) and construction dust (CD) in PM2.5 were quantified in the samples collected in 20 Chinese cities. The PAHs profiles in urban PM2.5 fugitive dusts were determined and their potential health risks were evaluated. Seven geographical regions in China were identified as northwest China (NWC), the North China Plain (NCP), northeast China (NEC), central China (CC), south China (SC), southwest China (SWC), and east China (EC). The overall average concentrations of total quantified PAHs (ΣPAHs) were 23.2 ± 18.9 and 22.8 ± 29.6 μg·g−1 in RD and CD of PM2.5, indicating that severe PAHs pollution to urban fugitive dusts in China. The differences of ΣPAHs between RD and CD were minor in northern and central regions of China but much larger in southern and east regions. The ƩPAHs for RD displayed a pattern of “high in northern and low in southern”, and characterized by large abundance of high molecular weights (HMWs) PAHs, indicating that vehicle emission was the predominant pollution origin. Additionally, higher diagnostic ratios of fluoranthene/(fluoranthene + pyrene) in NCP, CC, and SWC suggest critical contributions of biomass burning and coal combustion for RD in these areas. In comparison, gasoline combustion was the major pollution source for CD PAHs in NWC, NCP, NEC, and CC, whereas industrial emissions such as cement production and iron smelting had strong impacts in the heavy industrial regions. The total benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) carcinogenic potency concentrations (BaPTEQ) for RD and CD both showed the lowest in SC (0.05 and 0.07, respectively) and the highest in NCP (10.99 and 7.67, respectively). The highest and lowest incremental life cancer risks (ILCR) were found in NCP and SC, coinciding with the spatial distributions of ambient PAHs levels. The total CD-related cancer risks for adults and children (~10−4) suggest high potential health risks in NCP, SWC, and NWC, whereas the evaluated values in EC and SC indicate virtual safety (≤10−6).

AB - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in road dust (RD) and construction dust (CD) in PM2.5 were quantified in the samples collected in 20 Chinese cities. The PAHs profiles in urban PM2.5 fugitive dusts were determined and their potential health risks were evaluated. Seven geographical regions in China were identified as northwest China (NWC), the North China Plain (NCP), northeast China (NEC), central China (CC), south China (SC), southwest China (SWC), and east China (EC). The overall average concentrations of total quantified PAHs (ΣPAHs) were 23.2 ± 18.9 and 22.8 ± 29.6 μg·g−1 in RD and CD of PM2.5, indicating that severe PAHs pollution to urban fugitive dusts in China. The differences of ΣPAHs between RD and CD were minor in northern and central regions of China but much larger in southern and east regions. The ƩPAHs for RD displayed a pattern of “high in northern and low in southern”, and characterized by large abundance of high molecular weights (HMWs) PAHs, indicating that vehicle emission was the predominant pollution origin. Additionally, higher diagnostic ratios of fluoranthene/(fluoranthene + pyrene) in NCP, CC, and SWC suggest critical contributions of biomass burning and coal combustion for RD in these areas. In comparison, gasoline combustion was the major pollution source for CD PAHs in NWC, NCP, NEC, and CC, whereas industrial emissions such as cement production and iron smelting had strong impacts in the heavy industrial regions. The total benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) carcinogenic potency concentrations (BaPTEQ) for RD and CD both showed the lowest in SC (0.05 and 0.07, respectively) and the highest in NCP (10.99 and 7.67, respectively). The highest and lowest incremental life cancer risks (ILCR) were found in NCP and SC, coinciding with the spatial distributions of ambient PAHs levels. The total CD-related cancer risks for adults and children (~10−4) suggest high potential health risks in NCP, SWC, and NWC, whereas the evaluated values in EC and SC indicate virtual safety (≤10−6).

KW - Chinese cities

KW - Health risk evaluation

KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)

KW - Source identification

KW - Urban fugitive dust

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DO - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.099

M3 - 文章

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AN - SCOPUS:85067186062

SN - 0048-9697

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JF - Science of the Total Environment

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