Centralized Energy-Efficient Clustering Routing Protocol for Mobile Nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks

In wireless sensor networks with mobile nodes, it is important to enhance energy efficiency. For these networks, several routing protocols have been presented to reduce packet loss and increase energy efficiency. However, since these protocols cannot create appropriate clusters, they are not extremely energy efficient. In this letter, a centralized energy-efficient clustering routing protocol for mobile nodes (CEECR) is developed to minimize energy dissipation and maximize packet delivery ratio. In our protocol, a centralized cluster formation algorithm is presented to produce optimal clusters by utilizing node mobility and the node energy property. Furthermore, a detached node selects its optimal cluster head according to the node distance property, node mobility, and the node energy property. The performance of CEECR is then compared to clustering-based protocols, such as LEACH, LEACH-C, LEACH-Mobile, CBR, MBC, and LEACH-MF. Simulation results show that CEECR reduces average energy dissipation and improves packet delivery ratio over its comparatives.