Biomass gasification based solid oxide fuel cell power generation with liquid hydrogen storage: a multi-physical modeling

To address optimization challenges in biomass gasification and waste heat loss in solid oxide fuel cells, this work develops a digital platform to carry out multiphysical modeling of a hybrid system integrating biomass gasification, hydrogen liquefaction and storage, and power generation. By leveraging the high-temperature synergy between gasification and fuel cells, systematic heat loss is significantly reduced. Key results demonstrate that increasing biomass moisture content above 40% enhances the hydrogen production rate by 5%. Furthermore, hybrid thermal and pressure modulation successfully improves power generation efficiency by 9%. During hydrogen liquefaction, implementing a multi-stage heat exchanger with split-flow design effectively enhances cold energy utilization, maintaining the liquefaction rate consistently over 96.8% while buffering supply fluctuations. Ultimately, this developed multiphysical model provides a promising and robust design tool for the efficient conversion of biomass energy and hydrogen storage. This lays a solid theoretical foundation for its future dynamic optimization and AI prediction.