Bioinspired Surface for Cell Overlay and the Tribological Performances

Original cell/tissue overlay, e.g. cartilage, acted as the barrier for protecting from damage and anti-friction layers with lifespan movements. Inspiring from nature and forming tissue or tissue-like surface are regarded as the final dream for researchers to improve human beings. In the field of biomedical engineering, numerous strategies were applied to fabricate tissue or tissue-like surface. Amongst, surface texturing is one of the most effective strategies to improve the bioactivity of implantable biomaterial. The cell overlay was assembled or induced in the organized way, called conduct guidance, when the template of bioinspired surface was used in the vitro co-culture. Following cellular activities, such as the adhesion, migration, signal transmission and physiological responses, were improved under body simulated conditions. Tribological behaviors of cell overlay and its repair ability were evaluated. Mechanical forces and force gradients could act as key drivers of biological processes at the molecular, cellular, and organismal scales, respectively. Interactions between the cell and its microenvironment involve a complex interplay between mechanical forces and biochemical signals. These interactions made possibilities by the cell’s ability to sense external mechanical cues, transduce them into intracellular biochemical signals, and generate in short and long term responses.