Abstract
Hydrothermal liquefaction of the third-generation biomass represented by microalgae can produce biocrude. However, the directly obtained biocrude has a high heteroatom content and a low higher heating value (HHV), which cannot meet the standards of biofuel. In this work, water-insoluble biocrude which was directly gained from microalgae hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) was upgraded under four kinds of solvents (i.e., methanol, ethanol, acetone, and H2O) and one type of catalyst (H2O + Ru/C) at 240-400 °C for 1 h. The results show that the HHV and C and H contents of upgraded bio-oil increased and the O/C ratio decreased significantly after solvent upgrading. The highest upgraded bio-oil yield appeared in the case of ethanol upgrading and reached the maximum value of 82.8 wt % at 360 °C. The upgraded bio-oil yield of acetone upgrading increased from 45.8 to 68.2 wt % as the temperature increased within 240-400 °C. Also, esterification reactions between alcohol and acid in the supercritical system remarkably reduced the content of carboxyl-containing organic matter.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 7966-7974 |
| Number of pages | 9 |
| Journal | Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research |
| Volume | 60 |
| Issue number | 21 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 2 Jun 2021 |
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