Bi-frequency 3D ghost imaging with Haar wavelet transform

Recently, ghost imaging has been attracting attention because its mechanism could lead to many applications inaccessible to conventional imaging methods. However, it is challenging for high-contrast and high-resolution imaging, due to its low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the demand of high sampling rate in detection. To circumvent these challenges, we propose a ghost imaging scheme that exploits Haar wavelets as illuminating patterns with a bi-frequency light projecting system and frequency-selecting single-pixel detectors. This method provides a theoretically 100% image contrast and high-detection SNR, which reduces the requirement of high dynamic range of detectors, enabling high-resolution ghost imaging. Moreover, it can highly reduce the sampling rate (far below Nyquist limit) for a sparse object by adaptively abandoning unnecessary patterns during the measurement. These characteristics are experimentally verified with a resolution of 512 × 512 and a sampling rate lower than 5%. A high-resolution (1000 × 1000 × 1000) 3D reconstruction of an object is also achieved from multi-angle images.