Balance Between User Comfort and Energy Consumption of Two-timescale Optimization and Control in Majorization Order

Under the unique environment of high humidity and high salinity of nuclear power plants, the environment should be improved to ensure staff comfort and equipment safe operation. Meanwhile, because of energy shortage, it is of great significance for building to save energy and reduce consumption. This paper first introduces the concept of Majorization to ensure user comfort with control smoothness, improving the existing two-timescale heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) optimization model. Then, considering energy consumption, this paper formulates a multi-objective programming (MOP) problem with the objective to seek a balance between user comfort and energy consumption. The MOP model is solved by constructing the trade-off curve, where a subobjective with Majorization is also a MOP problem nested, which can be solved more simply using the characteristic of two-timescale HVAC optimization. The numerical results demonstrate the Pareto optimal solutions and the better energy-saving effect compared with the existing two-timescale model.