Anatase tio₂ nanotubes as photoanode for dye-sensitized solar cells

To achieve higher power conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells, anatase TiO₂ nanotubes anodized and transferred onto fluorine doped tin oxide glass. This technique is a promising candidate to improve the efficiency due to its outstanding properties, such as high light scattering effect, high surface-to-volume ratio, which result in enhancing light harvesting, minimum trapping sites, and low recombination rate. In this review, the structure, fabrication, and property of the TiO₂ nanotube photoanode is compared with other photoanodes. In addition, the integration of a heterojunction and other advancements into the TiO₂ nanotubes for getting better performance is also briefly discussed.