Analysis of vibration signal transmission and power loss in complex nonlinear dynamics interfaces within gearbox systems

Nonlinear dynamic interfaces, such as bearings, splines, and gears, play important roles in mechanical systems. During the operation of gearbox transmission systems, vibration signals and power are attenuated and dissipated by friction, damping, and other nonlinear factors present in various dynamic interfaces. This paper focuses on quantifying the influence of nonlinear factors on vibration signal transmission and power loss in a gearbox transmission system with multiple special dynamic interfaces, including spiral bevel gears, spline connections, and embedded bearing interfaces. Firstly, dynamic models for the embedded bearing, spline, and spiral bevel gears are developed, quantifying the impact of nonlinear factors such as stiffness, damping, friction, and clearance on vibration signal transmission. Next, a gearbox transmission system model incorporating these nonlinear interfaces is presented, considering the coupling effects between different dynamic interfaces, and is validated experimentally. A novel method for quantifying vibration signal transmission is proposed, enabling the evaluation of signal transmission and the influence of nonlinear factors on signal attenuation within the system. The nonlinear factors that mainly affect the attenuation of vibration signal transmission are identified. Finally, a new method for calculating the power transmission rate based on gear meshing forces is put forward, accounting for the coupling effects of nonlinear interfaces. The power transmission rates for the embedded bearing and spline are calculated, and the effects of friction and damping are analyzed.