Analysis, experiment, and correlation of a petal-shaped actuator based on dielectric elastomer minimum-energy structures

Releasing a bimaterial system, which consists of a pre-stretched dielectric elastomer membrane attached on a flexible frame, transforms a planar structure into a 3D structure through buckling. The buckled structure can deform further upon applying of a voltage, giving rise to the so-called dielectric elastomer minimum-energy structures (DEMES). Simple and easy-to-use theory and model would simplify the tedious trial-and-error designing process. We describe an extended model accounting for nonlinear rubber elasticity, pre-stretch, and the concentrated transverse load of a bending beam DEMES actuator. We design and fabricate a petal-shaped actuator with three petals. Elevation of a 1-g mass upward 7 mm is demonstrated upon application of 7000 V. Good correlation is achieved between model prediction and experimental measurement.