An Economic Dispatching Optimization Method for Multi-Microgrid System Considering Electricity-CET-TGC Market Mechanism Based on Modified State-Based Potential Game

Carbon emission trading (CET) and tradable green certificates (TGC) are crucial market instruments for achieving carbon neutrality and promoting renewable energy. Multi-microgrid systems offer an effective platform for aggregating distributed renewable resources, yet their economic dispatch under coupled electricity-CET-TGC (ECT) markets remains underexplored. This paper proposes a dual-layer optimization model to address this gap. First, a single-microgrid ECT trading model is developed for internal resource allocation. Second, recognizing that traditional state-based potential game (SPG) cannot directly handle the multiple private, non-coupled constraints of each microgrid in the multi-microgrid system, a modified SPG is introduced to establish the inter-microgrid ECT trading model. Third, a dual-layer rolling optimization method iteratively coordinates the two layers. Simulation results demonstrate that: The proposed dual-layer trading mechanism increases social welfare by 23.15% and reduces renewable energy curtailment by 41.88%, while preserving participant privacy; The dual-layer mechanism with real-time floating prices stabilizes CET and TGC prices across microgrids, incentivizing low-carbon technologies; The modified SPG algorithm achieves faster convergence and better suits distributed environments compared to ADMM. In conclusion, this work provides an effective framework for coordinating multi-microgrid dispatch under coupled market mechanisms considering information privacy, supporting the transition toward low-carbon energy systems.