Aeroelasticity performance analysis and optimization of the gas foil bearings-rotor system for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

A gas foil bearings-rotor system is a performance-critical subsystem in proton exchange membrane fuel cells, while it currently faces reliability challenges, especially in the harsh operating conditions of hydrogen vehicles. Therefore, a mathematical model considering compressible viscous flow in the micro-scale is presented. The quantitative influence of critical factors on the aeroelasticity performance of the system is investigated by the mathematical model. The optimal system with higher capacity, stiffness, and lower power consumption is identified by nonlinear regression analysis and genetic algorithm. The results demonstrate that the load capacity and stiffness of the optimal system are increased by 25.4% and 5.2%, respectively, while the viscous power consumption is reduced by 11.6%. Furthermore, the optimal system is verified by air supply system experiments. The largest values of temperature rise, standard flow rate, and pressure ratio are identified as 176.9°C, 433.19m³/h, and 3.49 at the rotation speed of 90000 rpm, respectively, while the maximum isentropic efficiency is obtained as 74.6% at 60000 rpm. These findings can be utilized to enhance the reliability of fuel cells.