Advancing microwave dielectric properties by structural manipulation in BaZrO₃-Ca(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃ system

Given the urgent demand for high performance microwave dielectric materials in mobile and satellite communications, material that exhibit a high quality factor (Q × f) and near-zero temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τ_f) are highly sought after. Perovskite ceramics are promising candidates in scientific and industrial areas due to their diversely adjustable dielectric properties. However, the polytropical crystal structures of perovskite oxides have limited advancements in microwave dielectric performance causing significant changes in the Q × f and τ_f. In this study, we utilize a binary phase of BaZrO₃ and Ca(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃, (1-x)BZ-xCMN, to manipulate the crystal structure and microstructure. Advanced microwave dielectric performance has been achieved where Q × f is exponentially increased from 1850 GHz (x = 0.5) to 46,740 GHz (x = 0.95), τ_f ranging from + 94.0 ppm/ °C (x = 0.5) to − 52.6 ppm/ °C (x = 0.98), especially near zero at x = 0.8. The stable temperature dependency of ε_r over a wide range (− 100 to 300 °C) guarantees the reliability of the material fabricated as electronic components. Moreover, an antenna was fabricated and simulated resonate frequency at 4.89 GHz with ∼ 40 MHz bandwidth. This study provides a comprehensive relationship among structure, composition and dielectric properties, offering new insights for terminal communication applications.