A Systematic Review of the Multidimensional Impacts of Photovoltaic Facades on Building Performance

This study uses Bibliometrix to analyze research on photovoltaic (PV) facades, identifying significant gaps in the integration of thermal, electrical, and optical performance. Current studies predominantly focus on either thermal or electrical aspects, often lacking a comprehensive analysis that considers all three factors in tandem. Furthermore, the majority of research emphasizes energy efficiency, yet fails to adequately address the balance between efficiency and occupant comfort, particularly in terms of thermal regulation and visual comfort. This review emphasizes the need for holistic approaches that optimize not only energy efficiency but also the indoor environmental quality of buildings. Additionally, the analysis suggests emerging technologies such as Phase-Change Materials (PCM) and semi-transparent PV as potential future trends in the development of PV facades, which could play a key role in advancing Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV). The growing focus on sustainable building practices, coupled with advancements in PV technologies, underlines the importance of addressing both energy and comfort needs in building design. Future research should aim to integrate these aspects to further enhance sustainable architecture, driving innovations in low-carbon, high-performance buildings.