A Novel Decoupling Technique for Two Patch Antennas Using Two Pairs of Characteristic Modes

A novel decoupling technique for two patch antennas based on characteristic mode (CM) analysis is proposed in this letter. Based on the modal electric fields of two pairs of CMs within the frequency band, the antennas are modified in a simple yet highly effective manner, resulting in the satisfactory decoupling performance. More importantly, the decoupling structures or complex design steps are not employed, thereby highlighting the low cost and simplicity of our designs. Two types of patch antennas are fabricated, and the measured results exhibit good agreement with the simulations, validating the effectiveness of the proposed technique.