A method for Q correction based on seismic structure constrained molecular decomposition

A new Q correction method based on seismic structure constrained molecular decomposition is proposed, to address the problems of lateral continuity and complex structure. Since the local peaks of the seismic trace's envelope relate to the general structure of the seismic data, we use them as the constraint to construct Molecular Gabor (MG) windows, and use these windows to transform the seismic trace into time-frequency (TF) domain, next extract the amplitude spectrum of the time-variant wavelets using the nonlinear contraction mapping method in the TF domain, then calculate the equivalent Q by the frequency shift method and correct the Q-effect in this TF domain. Both synthetic and real data examples demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively correct the Q-effect, enhance the vertical resolution of the seismic data and improve the recognition capability of the weak seismic signals from deep lays with good computational efficiency, meanwhile, it can achieve good lateral continuity and preserve the complex structure of the seismic data.